真空熱處理爐是什么？

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 時間：2018/10/4 10:31:20

真空熱(re)處理爐是什么？真空(kong)(kong)熱(re)(re)處理(li)爐的(de)(de)特點有嚴(yan)格的(de)(de)真空(kong)(kong)密(mi)封(feng)，大部(bu)分加熱(re)(re)與隔熱(re)(re)材料只能在真空(kong)(kong)狀(zhuang)態(tai)下使用，水冷裝置，真空(kong)(kong)熱(re)(re)處理(li)爐的(de)(de)爐殼、爐蓋、電(dian)熱(re)(re)元件導別處置(水冷電(dian)極)、中間真空(kong)(kong)隔熱(re)(re)門等部(bu)件，均在真空(kong)(kong)、受熱(re)(re)狀(zhuang)態(tai)下工作，采用低電(dian)壓大電(dian)流(liu)，自(zi)動化程度高(gao)。

真空熱處理爐(lu)主要特點(dian):

(1)嚴(yan)格的(de)(de)(de)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)：眾歷周知(zhi)，金屬零件(jian)進行真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)熱(re)處(chu)理(li)均在密(mi)(mi)閉的(de)(de)(de)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)爐(lu)內進行，因此，獲得(de)和維(wei)持爐(lu)子(zi)原定的(de)(de)(de)漏氣(qi)(qi)率，保(bao)證(zheng)(zheng)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)爐(lu)的(de)(de)(de)工作真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)度(du)，對確保(bao)零件(jian)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)熱(re)處(chu)理(li)的(de)(de)(de)質量有著非(fei)常重要的(de)(de)(de)意義。所以(yi)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)熱(re)處(chu)理(li)爐(lu)的(de)(de)(de)一個關鍵問(wen)題(ti)，就是要有可靠的(de)(de)(de)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)結(jie)構(gou)。為(wei)了保(bao)證(zheng)(zheng)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)爐(lu)的(de)(de)(de)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)性能，在真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)熱(re)處(chu)理(li)爐(lu)結(jie)構(gou)設(she)計中(zhong)必須道循一個基本原則，就是爐(lu)體要采(cai)用(yong)氣(qi)(qi)密(mi)(mi)焊接(jie)，同時(shi)在爐(lu)體上盡(jin)量少(shao)開或者(zhe)不(bu)開孔，少(shao)采(cai)用(yong)或者(zhe)避免采(cai)用(yong)動(dong)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)結(jie)構(gou)，以(yi)盡(jin)量減少(shao)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)泄漏的(de)(de)(de)機會。安(an)裝(zhuang)在真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)爐(lu)體上的(de)(de)(de)部(bu)件(jian)、附件(jian)等如水(shui)冷電極(ji)、熱(re)電偶導出裝(zhuang)置(zhi)也(ye)都必須設(she)計密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)結(jie)構(gou)。
(2)大部分加(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)與隔熱(re)(re)(re)材(cai)料只能在真(zhen)(zhen)空狀態下使(shi)用(yong)：真(zhen)(zhen)空熱(re)(re)(re)處理爐(lu)(lu)的加(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)與隔熱(re)(re)(re)襯料是在真(zhen)(zhen)空與高(gao)溫下工作的，因而對(dui)這(zhe)些材(cai)料提出了耐高(gao)溫，蒸汽(qi)壓低，輻(fu)射效果(guo)好，導熱(re)(re)(re)系數(shu)小等要(yao)求。對(dui)抗(kang)氧(yang)化(hua)性能要(yao)求不高(gao)。所以，真(zhen)(zhen)空熱(re)(re)(re)處理爐(lu)(lu)廣泛采(cai)用(yong)了鉭、鎢、鉬和石墨(mo)等作加(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)與隔熱(re)(re)(re)構料。這(zhe)些材(cai)料在大氣狀態下極易氧(yang)化(hua)，因此，常(chang)規熱(re)(re)(re)處理爐(lu)(lu)不能采(cai)用(yong)這(zhe)些加(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)與隔熱(re)(re)(re)材(cai)料。
(3)水冷(leng)(leng)裝(zhuang)置，真空(kong)熱處理(li)爐的(de)爐殼(ke)、爐蓋(gai)、電(dian)熱元件(jian)(jian)導別處置(水冷(leng)(leng)電(dian)極)、中間真空(kong)隔熱門等部件(jian)(jian)，均(jun)在(zai)真空(kong)、受熱狀態下(xia)工(gong)作。在(zai)這種極為不(bu)利的(de)條件(jian)(jian)下(xia)工(gong)作，必須保證(zheng)各(ge)(ge)部件(jian)(jian)的(de)結構不(bu)變形(xing)、不(bu)損壞，真空(kong)密封圈不(bu)過(guo)熱、不(bu)燒(shao)毀。因此(ci)，各(ge)(ge)部件(jian)(jian)應該根據不(bu)同的(de)情況設置水冷(leng)(leng)裝(zhuang)置，以保證(zheng)真空(kong)熱處理(li)爐能夠正常運行并(bing)有足夠的(de)使用壽命。
(4)采用低電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓大(da)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流：在真空(kong)容器內(nei)，當真空(kong)空(kong)度為幾托(tuo)(tuo)一lxlo-1托(tuo)(tuo)的(de)范圍內(nei)時(shi)，真空(kong)容器內(nei)的(de)通(tong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)導(dao)體在較高的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓下(xia)，會產(chan)生(sheng)輝光放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)現象。在真空(kong)熱(re)處(chu)理爐(lu)內(nei)，嚴重的(de)會產(chan)生(sheng)弧光放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，燒毀電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)熱(re)元件、隔熱(re)層(ceng)等(deng)，造成重大(da)事(shi)故和(he)損(sun)失。因此，真空(kong)熱(re)處(chu)理爐(lu)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)熱(re)元件的(de)工作電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓，一般都不超過80一100伏。同時(shi)在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)熱(re)元件結構設計時(shi)要采取有效措施，如盡量(liang)避免有{jd0}的(de)部件，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極間(jian)的(de)間(jian)距不能太小窄，以(yi)防止(zhi)輝光放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)或者弧光放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)發生(sheng)。

(5)自(zi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)化程度高：真(zhen)空熱(re)(re)處(chu)理(li)(li)爐(lu)的(de)自(zi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)化程度之所以較(jiao)高，是(shi)因(yin)(yin)為金(jin)屬(shu)工件的(de)加(jia)熱(re)(re)、冷卻等操(cao)(cao)作(zuo)，需(xu)要十(shi)幾(ji)個甚至幾(ji)十(shi)個動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)來完(wan)成。這(zhe)些(xie)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)內(nei)在真(zhen)空熱(re)(re)處(chu)理(li)(li)爐(lu)內(nei)進行，操(cao)(cao)作(zuo)人員無法(fa)接近。同(tong)時(shi)，有些(xie)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)如加(jia)熱(re)(re)保溫結束后，金(jin)屬(shu)工件進行淬火工序須六、六個動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)并且要在15秒鐘以內(nei)完(wan)成。在這(zhe)樣迅速的(de)條(tiao)件來完(wan)成許多動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)，是(shi)很容易造成操(cao)(cao)作(zuo)人員的(de)緊張(zhang)而構成誤(wu)操(cao)(cao)作(zuo)。因(yin)(yin)此，只有較(jiao)高的(de)目動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)化才能(neng)準確、及時(shi)按程序協調動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)。

珠海真空熱(re)處(chu)理選擇宏成(cheng)，珠海宏成(cheng)模具特殊鋼(gang)廠(chang)家。
來源：珠海模具(ju)特(te)殊鋼順(shun)德真空熱處(chu)理(li) nii-tech.cn

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真空熱處理爐是什么？